2. Physical Activity: Being outdoors encourages physical activity, which is beneficial for children with ADHD. Exercise increases dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain, which are neurotransmitters associated with attention and focus. A study by Meeusen and De Meirleir (1995) supports the idea that exercise increases dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. The research found that physical activity enhances the availability of these neurotransmitters, which are associated with improved attention and focus.
3. Reduced Stress: Nature exposure has been shown to lower cortisol levels, a stress hormone. Lower stress levels can help reduce hyperactivity and improve mood. A study by Stawski et al. (2013) found that lower stress levels are associated with reduced hyperactivity and improved mood. The research indicated that individuals with lower daily stress reported better emotional regulation and fewer symptoms of hyperactivity.
4. Improved Mood: Natural environments can improve overall mood and well-being, which can lead to better behavior and social interactions.
5. Enhanced Attention: Exposure to natural settings has been linked to improved cognitive function and attentional control, helping kids with ADHD concentrate better on tasks. A study by Bratman et al. (2015) provides evidence that exposure to natural environments can improve mood and well-being, leading to better behavior and social interactions. The research demonstrated that participants who spent time in nature reported significant improvements in mood and positive emotions compared to those in urban environments.
6. Break from Screens: Time in nature often means a break from screen time, which can reduce overstimulation and improve attention spans. A study by Swing et al. (2010) found that excessive screen time (especially with electronic media) can contribute to attention problems in children and adolescents. The research highlighted that prolonged exposure to screens may interfere with sustained attention and cognitive development.
Research supports that these benefits can collectively contribute to a decrease in ADHD symptoms, making outdoor time a valuable part of managing ADHD in children.
References
Kaplan, S. (1995). The restorative benefits of nature: Toward an integrative framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15(3), 169-182.
Meeusen, R., & De Meirleir, K. (1995). Exercise and brain neurotransmission. Sports Medicine, 20(4), 211-230.
Stawski, R. S., Sliwinski, M. J., Almeida, D. M., & Smyth, J. M. (2013). Reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors: The roles of adult age and global perceived stress. Psychology and Aging, 28(1), 57-71.
Bratman, G. N., Hamilton, J. P., & Daily, G. C. (2015). The impacts of nature experience on human cognitive function and mental health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1352(1), 1-9.
Swing, E. L., Gentile, D. A., Anderson, C. A., & Walsh, D. A. (2010). Television and video game exposure and the development of attention problems. Pediatrics, 126(2), 214-221.
